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The term program or graphic computer program is used almost interchangeably with software, except that software is primarily a collective term ('I use graphics software') and is not often used with an article (e.g. 'I use a software called PhotoShop'). The redundant combined term software program is only used by non-specialists. The British spelling programme is no longer used for computer programs (except sometimes incorrectly by non-specialists), but is correct in the UK for other meanings of the word (e.g. television programme). This is one example of spellings and terms which arose from American dominance of computing but are now international. Running a program To run a program, the computer is initialized to a starting state by loading the program and perhaps the data and then some mechanism to begin is invoked. At the lowest level this is begun with a boot sequence. In most computers, an operating system, such as Linux or Windows, loads programs to the memory and starts an execution from a prefixed position called an "entry point". In this context, a computer program is the individual executable image rather than all the programming currently running on the computer. A computer program consists of a set of instructions that the computer understands. The instructions in a computer program are in machine code; they are usually originally written in a computer programming language, and translated to machine code using a computer program called a compiler or an interpreter. Sometimes the programming language is simply a set of abbreviations for the machine code instructions, called assembly language - in this case, a program called an assembler is used to make the translation.

Neural networksIn neural network computers, many computing units with many connections between these units work in concert to solve problems. While there are many architectures following this general model, the programming of these computers often consists of weights on each connection and thresholds within the nodes. As the machine "learns", these weights and thresholds change. In most neural networks, the learned state can be saved and later restored, making it a computer program. Some neural networks learn from scratch every time they are turned on, and don't have programs, per se. Programs and data Some speakers distinguish between data that describe a computer program and data that does not describe a computer program; the former is called a "program", and the latter "data". However, this distinction between "program" and "data" is difficult to describe precisely, since all data can be regarded as implementing a program, depending on how it is processed. Some computing paradigms provide especially steep challenges to this distinction. The weights in a neural network are a form of "data" stored in the network, yet it is precisely these weights that (combined with the topology of the network) define the network's behavior. It is therefore unclear whether these weights serve as "program" or mere "data". Analog computers present similar challenges: should the water stored in a water integrator be regarded as program or data? In the face of this difficulty, some speakers deny that the distinction between program and data is not that useful. This denial has a long history in computing, and is especially common in the programming cultures of Lisp and other programming languages that provide strong support for metaprogramming.